The control structures in your program are the most direct representation of the logic needed to implement your specifications. The format of these control structures, therefore, will have a significant impact on the readability of your code. Indentation is the most important element of control structure layout. Always keep statements of the same "logical level" at the same indentation level.

If Statements
In general, the IF statement is composed of clauses in which there is a Boolean expression or condition and a section of code executed when that condition evaluates to TRUE. The “if statement” basically answers the question is it true or false. If the tested value matches the condition it runs the code primary code or follows the “else statement”. I “nested if statement” contains grouped “if statements” one when in another. If you find yourself going more than 3 levels deep try a “switch statement”.

_{Basic If Example}
If(condition) {
        ...
}

_{Nested If Example}
If(condition)
        If(condition)
        ...
        Else
                If(condition)
                ...

Switch
A switch or select case statement's purpose is to allow the value of a variable or expression to control the flow of program execution.

_{Switch Example}
switch (employeeCode) {
    case 1:
           commission = .10 * employeeSales;
           break;
    case 2:
           commission = .14 * employeeSales;
           break;
    case 3:
           commission = .18* employeeSales;
           break;
}

Loops
The “while statement” is used to repeat a block of statements while some condition is true. The condition must become false somewhere in the loop, otherwise it will never terminate. You can have the condition at the start or end of the “while statement allowing pre/post testing of that condition.

_{While Loop Example}
while (condition) {
        ...
}

Many loops consist of three operations surrounding the body: (1.) initialization of a variable, (2.) testing a condition, and (3.) updating a value before the next iteration. The for loop groups these three common parts together into one easy to read statement.

_{For Loop Example}
for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++)
         ...
Next i

Functions and Parameters
In programming, a subroutine (function, method, procedure, or subprogram) is a portion of code within a larger program. This subset of code performs a specific task and can be relatively independent of the remaining code. (wikipedia.com)

_{Function with Parameters Example}
public static double getComm(double employeeSales, int employeeCode)

Formatting

• Decimal Formatting ($1,000.00)
       DecimalFormat twoDigits = new DecimalFormat ("$#,000.00");
       twoDigits.format(variable)

• Rounding (25.56342 to 25.56)
       public static float Round(float Rval, int Rpl) {
              float p = (float)Math.pow(10,Rpl);
              Rval = Rval * p;
              float tmp = Math.round(Rval);
              return (float)tmp/p;
       }